Basic principles of image sensors

For CCD sensors, and image sensors in general, is considered as noise everything which does not correspond to the image. They can be from diverse origins, from the collection of photons in charge to the conversion of the charge into voltage, passing through the different processes of interline, column or frame transfer. It includes in particular the phenomena due to thermal effects, light irradiation during the transfer, filling and overflow of the wells on the neighbours, etc... (Fig. 14)